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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Développement de stratégies thérapeutiques innovantes dans des modèles murins de MASH</dc:title>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">MASH</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Modèles précliniques</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Autophagie médiée par les chaperonnes</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Peptide P140</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Milieu conditionné des cellules stromales mésenchymateuses</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Peptides dérivés de l’élastine</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Micro-vibrations environnementales</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">MASH</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Preclinical models</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Chaperone-mediated autophagy</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">P140 peptide</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Mesenchymal stromal cell-conditioned medium</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Elastin-derived peptides</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">La stéatohépatite associée au dysfonctionnement métabolique (MASH) est une complication hépatique grave du syndrome métabolique, dont la progression vers la fibrose et la cirrhose reste insuffisamment contrôlée. Cette thèse explore plusieurs stratégies thérapeutiques innovantes et déterminants expérimentaux dans des modèles murins de MASH. Le peptide P140, modulateur de l’autophagie médiée par les chaperonnes (CMA), atténue la stéatose, l’inflammation et la fibrose hépatiques dans des modèles nutritionnels de MASH, en restaurant partiellement les voies lysosomales. Le milieu conditionné de cellules stromales mésenchymateuses réduit également ces lésions hépatiques en limitant la lipotoxicité et le stress du réticulum endoplasmique. Leur combinaison ne montre pas de synergie claire, suggérant une convergence fonctionnelle. Les peptides dérivés de l’élastine (EDP), délétères en conditions normales, exercent un effet protecteur sous régime occidental en restaurant le métabolisme monocarboné et la N-glycosylation hépatique. Enfin, l'exposition à des micro-vibrations environnementales active l'axe hypothalamo-hypophyso-surrénalien et remanie différemment le tissu adipeux viscéral et le foie, soulignant l'importance du contexte expérimental dans l'interprétation des résultats.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a severe hepatic complication of metabolic syndrome, whose progression toward fibrosis and cirrhosis remains insufficiently controlled. This thesis explores several innovative therapeutic strategies and experimental determinants in murine models of MASH. The P140 peptide, a modulator of chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), attenuates hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis in nutritional models of MASH by partially restoring lysosomal pathways. Mesenchymal stromal cell-conditioned medium also reduces these liver lesions by limiting lipotoxicity and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Their combination does not show a clear synergy, suggesting a functional convergence. Elastin-derived peptides (EDP), which are deleterious under normal conditions, exert a protective effect under a Western diet by restoring hepatic one-carbon metabolism and N-glycosylation. Finally, exposure to environmental micro-vibrations activates the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis and differentially remodels visceral adipose tissue and the liver, highlighting the critical importance of the experimental context in the interpretation of results.</dcterms:abstract>
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