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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Écritures du Goulag : du témoignage à l'expérience contemporaine (Varlam Chalamov, Jacques Rossi, Sergueï Lebedev)</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Writing of the Gulag : from testimony to a contemporary experience (Varlam Shalamov, Jacques Rossi, Sergeï Lebedev)</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Goulag</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Postmémoire</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Mémoire</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Témoignage</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Corps</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Nature</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Mythe</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Gulag</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Postmemory</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Memory</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Testimony</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Body</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Nature</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Mythe</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Ce travail met en relation un roman de fiction postmémoriel, La Limite de l'oubli de Sergueï Lebedev (2011), avec deux témoignages sur le Goulag : les Récits de la Kolyma de Varlam Chalamov (1978) et Qu'elle était belle, cette utopie ! (2000) de Jacques Rossi. Sergueï Lebedev se considère comme l'« héritier » d'une mémoire transmise par les témoignages littéraires. L'enjeu est de mettre en lumière le processus dynamique par lequel une nouvelle œuvre réinterprète les œuvres du passé et reconstruit l'expérience relatée par les témoins avec les outils littéraires de son époque. La thèse se constitue de trois grandes parties. La première définit la place de l'héritier et celle du témoin. Elle s'intéresse aux stratégies mises en oeuvre pour dépasser les difficultés liées au langage pour restituer ou reconstituer l'expérience concentrationnaire , comme le dessin et la photographie. La deuxième partie porte sur l'expérience de la souffrance dans les récits testimoniaux et mémoriels. Elle met en évidence les représentations du corps souffrant, les rapports entre corps et mémoire et l’angoisse métaphysique générée chez le narrateur contemporain par le « souvenir » de la violence extrême. La troisième partie considère ces textes en tant que catabases littéraires. La récupération postmémorielle du topos de l’enfer et d’autres références mythologiques est analysée. La nature sibérienne, décor infernal, apparaît à la fois comme lieu d’oppression et lieu de mémoire.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">This work links a postmemorial fictional novel, Oblivion by Sergei Lebedev (2011), with two literary testimonies related to the Gulag: Kolyma Tales by Varlam Shalamov (1978) and Fragments of lives (2000) by Jacques Rossi. Sergei Lebedev considers himself as the “heir” of a memory transmitted by these literary testimonies. This transmission is not linear and one-sided, but is negotiated by the one who inherits it, through its reception and its projections into the past. The challenge is to shed light on a dynamic process by which a new work reinterprets works from the past and reconstructs the experience as recounted by witnesses using the literary tools of the time. This thesis consists of three main sections divided into two or four chapters. The first section identifies the role of the heir and that of the witness and raises the language-related difficulties of telling or reconstructing the concentration camp experience. It also investigates the strategies employed to overcome them, such as the use of drawing and photography. The second part addresses the experience of suffering in testimonial and memorial texts. It analyzes the representations of the suffering body, the relationship between the body and memory, and the contemporary narrator’s metaphysical angst caused by his “remembering” of extreme violence. The third part considers these texts as literary katabasis, through the topos of hell and other mythological references. The final part examines the representations of Siberian nature as both a place of oppression and a place of memory.</dcterms:abstract>
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