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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Discours de résistance dans les persécutions antichrétiennes (IIe-IIIe siècles) : recherches sur l'ad martyras, l'ad Scapulam et le de fuga in persecutione de Tertullien</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Resistant speeches in antichristian persecutions (2nd-3rd century AD) : investigations on Tertullian’s ad martyras, ad Scapulam and de fuga in persecutione</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Tertullien</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Persécutions</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Martyre</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Christianisme antique</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Tertullian</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Persecutions</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Martyrdom</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Early Christianity</dc:subject>
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<tef:elementdEntree autoriteExterne="027545997" autoriteSource="Sudoc">Persécutions -- 30-600 (Église primitive)</tef:elementdEntree>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Cette thèse comporte une édition critique, une traduction et un commentaire de l'Ad martyras, de l'Ad Scapulam et du De fuga in persecutione de Tertullien. Notre édition s’appuie sur une lecture à nouveaux frais des cinq manuscrits principaux transmettant ces textes, sur les éditions humanistes et modernes ainsi que sur les notes de travail d’éditeurs humanistes. Les trois textes évoquent, de trois points de vue différents, les persécutions. Dans l’Ad martyras, où Tertullien s’adresse à des chrétiens emprisonnés, la persécution apparaît comme une épreuve ; dans l’Ad Scapulam, adressé au proconsul de Carthage, il s’agit de détourner la persécution des chrétiens. Enfin, le De fuga in persecutione vise à encourager les chrétiens à s'y soumettre sans se laisser tenter par la fuite. Nous avons été attentives au discours que Tertullien construit à la fois ad extra pour détourner les autorités des persécutions antichrétiennes, et, ad intra, pour encourager les chrétiens dans l'épreuve.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">This dissertation consists in the critical edition, French translationand commentary of Tertullian’s Ad Martyras, Ad Scapulam and De fuga in persecutione. The edition is based on a new reading of five of the main manuscripts which contain the texts, on early and modern critical editions and on the readings of lost manuscripts given by humanist sources. The three texts deal with the antichristian persecutions. In the Ad martyras, where Tertullian writes to emprisoned Christians, persecution is seen as a trial ; in the Ad Scapulam, addressed to the Carthaginian proconsul, Tertullian intends to prevent him from persecuting Christians. At last, the treatise De fuga in persecutione encourages Christians to accept persecution even if they can flee it. We paid attention to the speech Tertullian elaborates both ad extra to deter Roman authorities from persecuting and ad intra to support Christians in trial.</dcterms:abstract>
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