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<dc:title xml:lang="fr">Ecriture et enracinement dans le roman négro-africain francophone</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative xml:lang="en">Writing and rootedness in the French Negro-African novel</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Identité</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Enracinement</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Littérature nationale</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Altérité</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Oralité</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Interculturalité</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">L’entre-deux</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="fr">Centre et périphérie</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Identity</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Enroot</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Nation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">National literature</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Tradition</dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Orality</dc:subject>
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<dc:subject xml:lang="en">In between</dc:subject>
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="fr">Les littératures nationales africaines prolongent la question de l’enracinement de façon peu ou prou dynamique. Elles traduisent une conception objective ou subjective de la nation. Contrairement aux littératures nationales européennes du XIXe siècle fondées sur les principes d’unité de langue, de territoire, de peuple, l’idée de nation et de littératures nationales africaines apparaissent problématiques. En dépit des frontières arbitraires ou nationalités juridiques, héritées de la colonisation occidentale, des spécificités culturelles et littéraires s’observent à l’échelle des états africains. A cette fin, le concept de la littérature nationale semble opératoire lorsqu’il épouse les aires culturelles au détriment des frontières africaines, poreuses, voire historiquement contestables. Toutefois la dynamique culturelle étant évolutionniste, l’enfermement incontrôlé dans les particularismes n’est il pas source de danger et d’appauvrissement culturel ? En somme, si l’identité et l’appartenance nationales sont spécifiques, doivent-elles être exclusives ? Une réponse sans nuance serait hasardeuse tant l’œuvre littéraire découle d’une « infinité de variations », de transferts, de fusion des imaginaires, de l’intégration des mécanismes d’aller et retour, du don de soi et de l’accueil de l’Autre dans les faits littéraires nationaux. A ce titre, la littérature et l’identité s’objectivent comme des données dynamiques qui explosent les frontières, dialoguent, ridiculisent les constructions idéologiques et arbitraires telles que le nationalisme, le régionalisme et le communautarisme. Dans le champ littéraire africain, il urge de s’affranchir du schème de l’africanité et des apories des identités nationales figées. Au total, si le monde contemporain s’effondre sous l’orage d’aventures ambigües, la littérature reste le lieu de fraternisation, de fusion des imaginaires et du partage des valeurs culturelles et humaines.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">The African National Literature extent the question of being more or less dynamic implemented. They establish an objective or subjective conception of the nation. Contrary to the XIX th century European National Literatures based on the principle of unity, of language, territory, people, the idea of nation and the African National Literatures seem problematic. In spite of the arbitrary borders and the legal nationalities, inherited from western colonization, the cultural and literatures specificities are observed on the level of African states. For this end, the concept of national literature seems operational when they adhere the cultural areas to the detriment of the African borders (which are) porous and even historically questionable. However the cultural dynamic being evolutionist, isn’t the uncontrolled confinement in the sense of identity source of danger and cultural impoverishment. As a matter of fact, it the identity and the national belongings (memberships) are specific, must them be exclusive? An answer without nuance would be risky in so much as the literary work comes from “an infinite number of variation” of transfers, of imaginaries mergers of the other one in the national literary facts. As such literature and identity objectify themselves as dynamic data which explode the borders, dialogue, ridicule the ideological and arbitrary constructions such as nationalism, regionalism and communitarians. In the African Literary field, it is urgent to free oneself from the scheme of africanity and the fixed national identities. All in all, if the contemporary world falls apart under the thunderstorm of the ambiguous adventures, literature remains the place of brother hood, imaginary mergers and the sharing of cultural and human values.</dcterms:abstract>
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